However, the construction of periodic higher-order tessellation from two-ordered phases has been reported only rarely 39. Compared to the non-periodic tessellation, quasicrystal and periodic tessellations with high degree of rotational symmetry are promising candidates for 2D photonic crystals 10. The ability to form tessellated structures implies certain self-similarity and hierarchical order in the building blocks, but this organization can be expressed in different ways in multinuclear nodes, which are moderated by steric constraint and molecule–substrate interaction. Non-planar rubrene molecule tessellation has also been reported in addition to two ordered phases, a non-periodic phase was constructed via the random mixing of pentagonal, hexagonal, and heptagonal units 38. Random tiling of the various molecular motifs generates quasicrystalline structures 36. Taking advantage of the versatility of lanthanide coordination chemistry, a variety of coordination molecular motifs were constructed by tuning the metal-to-organic molecule ratio. To explore much more complex tessellations, Barth and co-workers reported rare earth metal-directed self-assembly structures, which were stabilized through metal–organic coordination interaction 36, 37. For instance, semi-regular trihexagonal tiling, also known as the Kagomé lattice 35, is frequently realized in two-dimensional (2D) self-assembly patterns 23, 24, 25, 26. In the past decade, great effort has been devoted to the development of semi-regular AT 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and complex tilings 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 on surfaces using self-assembly approaches. Supramolecular chemistry 15, which relies on spontaneous and reversible non-covalent interactions 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, is attractive as it enables highly versatile fabrication of molecular architectures on surfaces. the square lattice of Cu(100) and the honeycomb structure of graphene), it remains challenging to construct semi-regular ATs at the supramolecular level. Although it is trivial to demonstrate regular AT at the atomic level (e.g. Owing to their higher rotational symmetry than the traditional Bravais lattices, semi-regular ATs have been reported to exhibit isotropic photonic bandgaps, and the isotropy is enhanced with the increasing complexity of the structures 9, 10, 11. Compared with regular ATs, semi-regular ATs possess intriguing photonic 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and diffusion 14 properties. Archimedean tiling (AT), an archetypical tessellate form, is based on the tessellation of regular polygons and can be classified into three regular tiling types and eight semi-regular tiling types 8 the former relies on basic tiling of one specific polygon (squares, triangles, or hexagons), while the latter consists of tessellations of more than one type of regular polygons. The idea of tessellation, which is of great importance in aesthetics 1, mathematics 2, 3, chemistry 4, and molecular science 5, 6, can be traced back to building decorations used by the Sumerians in ancient times 7. Two-dimensional (2D) tessellation involves the tiling of a plane using one or more closed shapes without the formation of overlaps or gaps. Our work highlights the important principle of constructing multiple phases with self-similarity from a single building block, which may constitute a new route to construct complex tessellations. Sub-domains of these phases with self-similarity serve as tiles in the periodic tessellations to express polygons consisting of parallelograms and two types of triangles. HPBI gives rise to two self-assembly phases on Au(111) that possess the same geometric symmetry but different packing densities, on account of the presence of halogen-bonded and halogen–metal coordinated networks. Here, we demonstrate that highly complex tessellation can be constructed on Au(111) from a single molecular building block, hexakis(4-iodophenyl)benzene (HPBI). Fabrication of molecular tessellation with higher symmetry compared with traditional Bravais lattices promises potential applications as photonic crystals. Molecular tessellations are often discovered serendipitously, and the mechanisms by which specific molecules can be tiled seamlessly to form periodic tessellation remain unclear.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |